Dani
Joined: 28 Jan 2003
Posts: 35
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01-What is a MIDI sequencer?
A MIDI sequencer is a device that records, edits and plays back MIDI information. Most MIDI sequencers have multiple tracks to record on, much like a Multitrack tape recorder. It is normal to have 16 tracks of MIDI as there are 16 different MIDI channels.
02-What are the advantages of hardware sequencers?
Hardware sequencers are good because in most cases they are portable, they are reliable and sometimes have Non-Volatile memory, which means if the sequencer is turned off for any reason the data is still there.
03-What are the advantages of software sequencers?
Software sequencers are generally more complicated than hardware versions. Because they mainly run on PC's or MAC's they are a lot easier to edit. Using a 17" Screen to edit your work is much better than a small dimly lit LCD. Software sequencers also have the advantage of being upgradable, bugs in software or new features can easily be integrated without haveing to buy and fit expensive hardware. (and you can download software for free on the internet. lol)
04-What is a piano roll editor?
A piano roll is an editing window that graphically represents the midi notes played against a piano keyboard on the left hand side. It makes spotting and editing mistakes easier and also lets you do step recording.
05-What is a 'drum map'?
A drum map is a graphical representation of (usually) the Gereral MIDI drum assigments. It shows the notes played against a list of standard drum and percussion instruments.
06-What is usually seen in the 'arrange' window?
Midi parts or patterns
07-What are Tempo/Meter maps?
Tempo/Meter maps tell the sequencer what tempo to start the song in and also of any tempo changes in the track. The sequncer will then seed up/slow down in the correct places.
08-What is the purpose of quantizing?
To help Dani not sound rubbish when he's drunk! Quantize moves the notes on to the beat and sub beats of the bar, putting them in time.
09-What is Groove Quantizing and how does it work?
Groove quantize is for putting "feel" into a peice that needs to be qunatized. It works by offsetting certain notes, sometimes randomly and sometimes to a set schedule, For instance, a famous musician might have a "groove" made of his/her performance, or even a certain genre. i.e. Jazz. This creates "human expression/fallabilty". Often usefull for drums and piano, so they don't sound like a machine.
10-Explain Note On quantizing.
Note on quantize moves the start of the note to the nearest bar/semi/quarter of the bar, but it leaves the end of the note where it is, this can cause problems with notes being shortened too much if the note is brought forward a large amount.
11-Explain Over Quantizing.
Over quantize is where note on and note off are both quantized together.
12-Explain Iterative Quantizing.
This type of Quantizing moves the notes a certain
amount towards the closest quantize value, if they
are not very close to it already. How much the notes
are moved, and what is considered "close enough", is set using the
"Strength" or "Magnetic" area.
13-What do quantize values such as 4,32,16T etc represent?
Quarter note, 32nd note (twice the resoloution of 16ths) and 16th triplets.
14-What is the score editor and how does it display musical information?
Using the traditional method of tadpoles on telegraph poles. (Notes on staves) This emthod allows you to input notes i#onto staves like you would when writing score.
15-How, and using what protocol, may a Sequencer be synchronised to a multitrack recorder?
SMTPE (Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) is a timecode that can be "striped" onto a multitrack tape, when the tape plays, the signal is taken by a module and converted into MIDI timecode information and fed into the sequencer. The great thing about SMPTE is when you stop the tape and restart it, it sends song position information to the sequencer so the sequencer knows where to start playing from.
16-If you change the tempo of the song, what will happen to (a) the MIDI parts? (b) the Audio parts?
MIDI part will speed up/slow down but will not change in pitch, audio parts will alter in pitch. or in a DAW situation, will lose sync with the MIDI.
17-How does the application Recycle allow MIDI to control Audio parts?
Recycle splices the audio into managable parts so that when you play a loop back and change the tempo, the part speeds up without any change in pitch.
18-What is OMS?
Open Music System devised by Opcode.
19-How does OMS simplify MIDI studio setups
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OMS provides detailed descriptions that define your studio setups. Display and edit your MIDI setup on-screen with colorful icons that illustrate connections to MIDI interfaces, sound cards and instruments. OMS allows access your studio by instrument and patch name.
20-What's the difference between type 0 & 1 MIDI sequences?
Type 0 files have all data on ONE time ordered track
Type 1 have multiple tracks.
21-Why are there 'virtual' MIDI ports available (i.e. Hubis Loopback)?
Sometimes you need to route a MIDI signal internally, say, to operate a virtual synth that doesn't have it's own MIDI driver.
22-What is the 'rewire' protocol?
Rewire enables things like Reason to operate within another peice of software, such as cubase. It assigns a virtual input that cubase sees as a real input so you can mix it internally and sync it up the the master.
23-What is the rocket networks protocol and how does it work?
Rockets Networks allows near real-time collaboration with other musicians/studios using a protocol over the internet.
24-What are step sequencers?
Step sequencers are usually simple note on/note off machines/software that you program in step time rather than real time.
25-Why are step sequencers usually more suitable for percussion & drum parts?
Because drums repeat themselves and use less notes.
26-Why are click tracks important functions in MIDI/Audio sequencers?
Click tracks are used to give a count-in before recording starts and to give timing cues through the performance.
27-Why do many sequencers metronomes allow either Audio or MIDI clicks?
Because not all recording/midi setups have a midi channel for a midi click track, for instane, using a synth that doesn't have any drum sounds in it.
28-How is MIDI data such as modulation and pan usually displayed in part editors?
As a value between 0 and 127
29-How many times is master clock transmitted per quarter note?
Twentyfour
30-What are the functions of the master and slave in any synchronisation situation?
The master provides the tempo and song position and the slave runs in sync with it. When a device is set to slave it will not play unless the master machine is also playing.
31-What timing division does SPP (song position pointers) work on?
16ths of a bar.
32-What is MIDI Sync mode and what synchronisation protocols does it accept?
MIDI Sync mode is the mode which the slave device has to be set. As standard most MIDI equipment listens to it's own internal MIDI clock, Sync mode makes the device listen to MIDI in for it's sync data. MTC and MIDI clock.
33-What is the primary difference between MIDI Time Code and MIDI Clock, and why is MTC more accurate?
MIDI time code carries information about the song position (as a 24hour clock) as well as timing data. MIDI clock just sends out tempo information.
34-Define the basics of SMPTE?
SMPTE works by striping the tape/media with time from a 24 hour clock, when you start the tape, the information is decoded by the SMTPE box and is translated into song position pointer information. This is then sent to the sequencer, which then knows where to start playing from.
35-What similiarities are there between SMPTE and MTC?
MTC is basically a MIDI version of SMTPE.
36-How does FSK work?
FSK or Frequency Shift Keying uses a tone modulated by a square wave, the reading machine then syncs itself to the pulses. It offers no SPP and tapes had to be run from the start to acheive proper sync.
37-Does standard-FSK synchronisation give any indication of song position?
NO
38-What improvements does Smart-FSK offer over standard FSK?
S-FSK carries song position pointer information as well.
39-If using FSK with analogue tape, why must the speed of the tape not change after recording the FSK timing information?
Because if the tape speeds up, then so would the sequencer sync.
40-What is the 'tempo master' and what is the 'transport master' within a MIDI synchronised setup?
Tempo master allows a tempo map, to play back any tempo changes within the song. Transport master is the device that controls all of the playback, the machine that everything else syncs to.
41-What problems may arise from extensive use of controller data within a MIDI piece?
It can cause latency proplems with too much data transmitting at once and also, on hardware sequencers it uses a lot of memory. (because memory is at a premium)
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2-Name 2 different connection protocols for MIDI interfaces?
Standard 5 PIN DIN MIDI ports and USB
43-Can tempo changes and time signature changes be made during a song within a sequencer?
Yes, very easily.
44-What considerations must be made when using a software sequencer as part of a live show?
You need to make sure the rest of the performers can sync to the MIDI You can either use a click track via headphones, for a drummer and everyone syncs the him/her or push the synths/samplers through the monitors for the rest of the band to hear. |
Wed Apr 30, 2003 1:21 pm |
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resol69
Joined: 31 Dec 2002
Posts: 69
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http://www.iaekm.org/9910_feat01.html
http://www.homepages.dsu.edu/mortensd/MUS_600/glossary.htm
http://www.mightywight.net/quantisation.htm
http://pcroot.cern.ch/TaligentDocs/TaligentOnline/DocumentRoot/1.0/Docs/books/TT/TT_222.html
http://members.magnet.at/hubwin/midi.html
http://www.harmony-central.com/MIDI/Doc/tutorial.html
01-What is a MIDI sequencer?
A MIDI sequencer records everything that goes into making the sound but not the sound itself. In other words, the sequencer records the performance information and then on playback "tells" a MIDI-equipped instrument what to do to reproduce the sound. Sequencers make it possible to edit any aspect of performance information. For example, most sequencers allow us to correct wrong notes, to increase or decrease a song's tempo, to play a song back in a different key, and more. A sequencer also makes it possible to save or to store edited performance information, usually on a computer disk. This storage capability allows us to recall the data and play back any song at a later time without having to re-record the music. A sequencer, therefore, is a device that can record, edit, store, and play back digital data which represent a musical performance
02-What are the advantages of hardware sequencers?
Don’t have to use the computer’s CPU o storage. Some contain internal sound generating capabilities. Hardware sequencers include features such as built-in MIDI ports and an internal disk drive for storing data. They are more portable and less expensive than software sequencers portability and price (when compared to the price of a computer, MIDI interface, and software).
03-What are the advantages of software sequencers?
The software sequencer format is the least expensive way to go if you already own a computer, a MIDI keyboard, and a MIDI interface. Software sequencers range in price from approximately US $19.00 to US $500.00. In addition, software sequencers offer the greatest variety of features. Some sequencer programs will print musical scores from your recordings. Others will also allow you to record vocals and acoustic instruments with your MIDI data. Software sequencers take advantage of your computer monitor and include large, graphic screen displays which use color to help identify various recording and editing functions. If you don't own a computer, however, you will have to make a considerable investment to get up and running. If portability is important, you will probably want to invest in a laptop computer.
04-What is a piano roll editor?
Piano roll is a type of MIDI-event-viewing and editing. Piano-roll viewing uses rectangular lines and spaces to represent the pitch and duration of MIDI key on/key off events and derives its name from the fact that this representation visually emulated the paper rolls used to "play" player pianos.
05-What is a 'drum map'?
A dedicated editor for rhythmic work. Display each drum sound by name, note and MIDI channel. With the unique 'Drum Map' feature you assign a keyboard key to any MIDI note on any MIDI channel. In a matter of seconds you can re-map a song from one drum source to another.
Click here for a picture of a drum map http://tomscarff.tripod.com/8way_drm2/MIDI_drum_selections.htm
06-What is usually seen in the 'arrange' window?
Includes scrolling parts moving across the screen. Tiny blocks representing recorded data show at once which tracks and virtual tracks are active or have something recorded on them. You can switch to a song information page, get details of the amount of disk space used, display input status or track status (complete with a small graphic of the channel levels).
07-What are Tempo/Meter maps?
A sequencer can store the temp of a song in a tempo map. The map can be set to display in bars/beats, or minutes/ seconds. The sequencer can send the temp map to other MIDI units connected to it.
08-What is the purpose of quantizing?
Quantizing MIDI music aligns the music exactly to the tempo and time signature that you specify. You can correct errors in temp this way.
09-What is Groove Quantizing and how does it work?
Groove quantizing is a feature that can superimpose the dynamics and timing from one groove onto another. Unlike standard quantizing, groove quantizing provides a grid based on realistic (and human) performance parameters, such as natural variations in timing and Velocity.
10-Explain Note On quantizing.
Note on quantizing moves the beginning of the note, but leaves the end of the note whrere it is. It simply shifts the start of notes to the nearest Quantize value, keeping note lengths intact
11-Explain Over Quantizing.
Moves the notes to the closest Quantize value. Over Quantizing can make the music sound too robotic or machine-like. You could try quantizing to a lower percent, like 40 or 50%
12-Explain Iterative Quantizing.
This is one of the exceptions to the rule about being able to undo Quantizing, as it works in stages. It moves the notes towards the selected Quantize value according to a strength parameter that you set in a dialogue box. You can also exclude certain notes by setting a number of ticks (between 0 and 96) that a note can differ from the Quantize position without being moved. You can keep using this iterative Quantize in successive passes, moving notes nearer and nearer the Quantize value - this is why Undo doesn't work completely, as it only goes back to the previous stage of Quantization.
13-What do quantize values such as 4,32,16T etc represent?
¼ note, 1/32 note, 1/16 note triplet.
14-What is the score editor and how does it display musical information?
The score editor allows you to edit notes in real time. The score editor shows the sheet music for the song. Click here to see a pic http://muse.seh.de/pic/score2.png
15-How, and using what protocol, may a Sequencer be synchronised to a multitrack recorder?
You have to get SMPTE timecode on the tape before you can synchonize. The problem you will have is that when you are striping timecode onto the multitrack tape you will need to control the level, yet many timecode generators have no output level control. You can either temporarily go through the mixer to stripe timecode then disconnect the generator, or buy a generator with an output level control.
16-If you change the tempo of the song, what will happen to (a) the MIDI parts? (b) the Audio parts?
The MIDI tempo will change, but the audio parts will not.
17-How does the application Recycle allow MIDI to control Audio parts?
You have to save your file as REX2 file and import it onto an Audio Track in your sequencer. The imported loop will play back like the original, but you can change the tempo freely, and you will have full control over the original slices! Silence, move or replace individual hits, change volume and panning. If you're using a sampler, ReCycle creates a soundbank containing the samples/slices, and transmits it to your sampler. ReCycle then creates a MIDI file based on the timing of the original groove. Import the MIDI file into your sequencer, and it will trigger the slices in your sampler, playing back the groove you started out with.
18-What is OMS?
OMS Opcode MIDI system (now renamed Open MIDI System and distributed license-free by Opcode). Opcode's answer to MIDI Manager. OMS acts as a central MIDI driver between OMS-compatible hardware and software. OMS has gained widespread popularity due to its superior operating efficiency as compared to the MIDI Manager.
19-How does OMS simplify MIDI studio setups?
OMS also provides an extensive MIDI routing/processing package which effectively turns any keyboard into a sophisticated controller.
20-What's the difference between type 0 & 1 MIDI sequences?
Format 0 has only one track chunk, which can contain messages for multiple MIDI channels as well as the tempo data. Format 1 allows multiple track chunks, which represent tracks that can be played simultaneously.
21-Why are there 'virtual' MIDI ports available (i.e. Hubis Loopback)
A MIDI driver that gives you up to four virtual MIDI ports. Each virtual port can act as both an input and output MIDI device. All MIDI data sent to the output is automatically channeled to all connected programs at the input side. The ports are named "LB1" to "LB4" by default but can be renamed. You'll also find Hubi's MIDI Cable, a MIDI-through utility that connects MIDI inputs with MIDI outputs. It's useful for quick connections between LoopBack ports and hardware ports, or to play your sound card's synthesizer from an external MIDI keyboard. Both programs work independently. Now you can use your favorite synth editor with your favorite MIDI sequencer, or just combine the best of all MIDI programs.
22-What is the 'rewire' protocol?
Generally, ReWire is a technology for transferring audio data between software applications – in real time - the software equivalent of a multi-channel audio cable. ReWire allows up to 64 channels of real-time audio to be transferred from one application to another. In the case of ReBirth and Cubase this allows you to separate practically all ReBirth instruments in VST. You can hence process instruments individually with effects, filters etc. ReWire handles all synchronization issues between the devices. Once the applications have detected each other (which happens automatically) they are in complete, sample accurate, glitch free sync. There are no settings to make and no parameters to worry about. ReWire also provides common transport functionality for all ReWire applications in the system. This means that you can Play, Stop, Rewind etc. in any of the applications and they will all locate to the same position.
23-What is the rocket networks protocol and how does it work?
Rocket Network is an Internet based protocol that allows people to work on the same piece of music at the same time over the web. To use the system, you need to download a free program from the Rocket Network website. This works with software commonly used to record audio like ProTools and Steinberg Cubase. You log in to a central servier and post your files. The file is then shared between the people in your session Anyone can use the public sessions in Rocket Network for free. But to use it as a serious professional tool, you need to buy a subscription fee.
24-What are step sequencers?
step sequencers cycle through a series of notes the values of which are set by knobs, or in this case, sliders. The resulting 'sequence' is invariably a pattern that you wouldn't stumble upon by playing a keyboard and forms the distinctive backdrop for many electronic compositions. Step-time sequencers (sometimes called analogue sequencers) are not to be confused with MIDI recording programs such as Cubase (which are also often referred to as sequencers); nor do they have much in common with hardware MIDI recorders. Typically, the output from a step sequencer involves short, looping patterns of notes which can be manipulated extensively during playback.
25-Why are step sequencers usually more suitable for percussion & drum parts?
Because they include short looping patterns of notes, similar to the output of a step sequencer?
26-Why are click tracks important functions in MIDI/Audio sequencers?
Musicians need click tracks so they can stay in sync with the sequencer when recording new instruments to be added to the mix.
27-Why do many sequencers metronomes allow either Audio or MIDI clicks?
Didn’t find anything on this one, so I’ll just agree with Dani.
28-How is MIDI data such as modulation and pan usually displayed in part editors?
As a numeric value.
29-How many times is master clock transmitted per quarter note?
Each clock message is a single byte. Clock messages are sent at the rate of 6 per semiquaver (a semiquaver = "sixteenth note" ). There are 4 sixteenth notes in a quarter note: 4x 6 = 24 messages per quarter note.
30-What are the functions of the master and slave in any synchronisation situation?
The master sets the tempo and starts and stops playback. The slave plays in sync with the master.
31-What timing division does SPP (song position pointers) work on?
One MIDI beat, or a sixteenth note.
32-What is MIDI Sync mode and what synchronisation protocols does it accept?
The MIDI System Real Time messages ( MIDI Sync) are used to synchronize all of the MIDI clock-based equipment within a system, such as sequencers and drum machines. Most of the System Real Time messages are normally ignored by keyboard instruments and synthesizers. Accepts MIDI clock and MTC.
33-What is the primary difference between MIDI Time Code and MIDI Clock, and why is MTC more accurate?
The MTC protocol attempts to bridge the gap between MIDI Clock timing, which uses the relative time measurement of note value and tempo, and SMPTE, which uses absolute values of hour::minute::second::frame. MTC enables a sequencer, dealing in relative musical values, to synchronize with videotape or multi-track audio tape with recorded SMPTE information
34-Define the basics of SMPTE?
SMPTE time code In the ‘70s, the Society for Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) adopted this digital timing code as a real-time reference for film and videotape production. In the early ‘80s, SMPTE time code was adopted by the audio industry as the primary tool for synchronizing audio and video tape machines and MIDI equipment as well.
35-What similiarities are there between SMPTE and MTC?
MTC is SMPTE for MIDI.
36-How does FSK work?
FSK sync Frequency Shift Key synchronization. One of the earliest tools for synchronizing MIDI devices with audio and video tape machines. An FSK tone is recorded.
37-Does standard-FSK synchronisation give any indication of song position?
No.
38-What improvements does Smart-FSK offer over standard FSK?
Includes the song position pointer.
39-If using FSK with analogue tape, why must the speed of the tape not change after recording the FSK timing information?
Once you stripe the tape with an FSK sync tone you will not be able to change the tempo of the song later
40-What is the 'tempo master' and what is the 'transport master' within a MIDI synchronised setup?
I think the sequencer would be the tempo and transport master.
41-What problems may arise from extensive use of controller data within a MIDI piece?
You use up the edit density and file will run slower?
42-Name 2 different connection protocols for MIDI interfaces?
MIDI 5 pin connector, SCSI.
43-Can tempo changes and time signature changes be made during a song within a sequencer?
Yes these changes can be made in real time.
44-What considerations must be made when using a software sequencer as part of a live show?
You have to make sure everyone can hear the playback of the sequencer. You have to have a backup plant in case the sequencer breaks down.
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Fri May 02, 2003 10:50 pm |
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Aidan
Joined: 08 Jan 2003
Posts: 38
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1. What is a MIDI sequencer?
Its a device for recording and replaying data in MIDI form and in a multitrack format.It enables you to record variopuus different parts at once or at different times,edit these parts and play them back on a MIDI equipped synth module or modules of your choice.Whats important to remember with a sequencer is that what you enter into it is data not sounds,with the data then being used to instruct instruments to play them-like an electronic music score.
2.What are the advantages of hardware sequencers?
They are simple to use and convenient,with recording being just a matter of hitting record button and playing.In addition they are more practical in live situations and alo more reliable live.
3.What are the advantages of software sequencers?
Its generally more sophisticated than hardware sequencers and will have much better visual interface,invaluable for song arrangement and they will have editing capabilities.In addition most computer sequencers support multiple MIDI output ports via a special interface while a hard ware sequencer will generally support 1 or 2 ouput ports.This effectively gives you more MIDI channels to work with.
4.What is a piano roll editor?
Its an editing tool which allows you to draw your notes directly onto the quantise grid on your screen.They can then be stretched to required lengths.
5.What is a drum map?
Its a graphical representation of the MIDI drum assignments.
6.What is usually seen un the arrange window?
Patterns
7.What are Tempo/Meter maps?
they are instructions to the sequencer on tempos and speeds.
8.What is the purpose of quantizing?
Quantizing is a means of moving notes to ensure they line up with exact user defined subdivisions of a bar.Its purpose is to correct timing errors but it can if used too heavily create a machine like feel to the playing.Most sequencers will incorporate a quantize function and this can be of a percentage type.This ensures that the quantization can be varied to create a more natural feel.
9.What is Groove quantizing and how does it work?
It works by producing a map for a musical bar based on syyles of playing.You choose a map and then your playing is quantized to this map.
10.Explain Note On quantizing?
It moves the start of the note to nearest designated bar but leaves end of note where it started.
11.Explain Over quantizing.
This is where a note is moved to a quantize value which is too precise-giving a machine like feel .
12.Explain Iterative quantizing.
This is the same as percentage quantizing where notes are moved towards the exact quantize division by a stipulated percentage e.g. 50% means note will move half way between position you played and nearest quantize division.
13.What do quantize values such as 4,32,16T etc represent?
They represent the note value with 4 being 1/4 note or quarter note,32 being 32nd note,16 being 16th note etc.
14.What is the score editor and how does it display musical information?
Scaore editor is where your sequencer allows you .to score or write your notes onto an onscreen stave.Notes are printed or shown on screen as a musical score.
15.How and using what protocol,may a sequencer be synchronised to a multitrack recorder?
Using FSK,Smart FSK,MTC or SMPTE.FSK is Frequency Shift Keying and is generally found on drum machines-it records a series of electronic codes onto a spare track on tape machine.Smart FSK is a refinement of FSK which also uses tones but is designed to work with MIDI SPPs(Song Position Pointers) so that tape machine can be started anywhere in song and sequencer will find right place.
MTC is MIDI Time Clock and is an interpretation or variation of SMPTE>SMPTE is a synchronisation system originally developed for film industry based on elapsed time rather than bars or beats.
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Mon May 05, 2003 3:04 pm |
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Aidan
Joined: 08 Jan 2003
Posts: 38
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16.If you change the tempo of the song,what will happen to the(a)the MODI parts? (b) the audio parts?
(a) A MIDI part will. speed up/down aaccording to tempo but will not change pitch
(b) Audio parts will change in pitch
17.How does the application Recycle allow MIDI to control Audio parts?
Recycle can cut audio into pieces and allow changes in tempo without changes in pitch.
18.What is OMS?
Open Music System-this is a MIDI management tool which allows you to manage all your MIDI applications and systems on a screen.
19.How does OMS simplify MIDI studio setups?
It allows you to display and edit your MIDI set ups and applications on a screen and personalise your set up and settings.
20.Whats the difference between type 0 & 1 MIDI sequences?
21.Why are there virtual MIDI ports available(ie.Hubis Loopback).?
In order to route MIDI systems within a Windows based application.Windows cannot support OMS so a inter application functions are facilitated by programs such as Hubis Loopback.
22.What is the rewire protocol?
Rewire is a process for transferring data from one software application to another. |
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Mon May 05, 2003 3:57 pm |
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Aidan
Joined: 08 Jan 2003
Posts: 38
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23.What is the rockets protocol and how does it work.Rockets allows transfer of dat between musicians over the net.Using the rockets software and connectors the musician can play in real time with anyoone else over the net.
24.What are step sequencers?
They are sequencers which allow you to input data in step time rather than real time.
25.Why are step sequencers usually more suitable for percussion & drum parts?
Because drum parts are difficult for most people to play in real time.A step sequencer allows you to input notes one at atime and play them back at desired speed.
26.Why are click tracks important functions in MIDI/Audio sequencers?
They give you a count in at start and make it easier to play along in time.
27.Why do many sequencers metronomes allow either Audio or MIDI clicks?
28.How is MIDI data such as modulation and pan usually displayed in part editors?
in numbers/numeric values.
29.How many times is master clock transmitted per quarter note?
24
30.What are the functions of the master and slave in any synchronisation situation?
A master will set tempo and control starts and stops while a slave will respond in sync.
31.What timing division does SPP work on?
16ths
32.What is MIDI sync mode and what synchronisation protocols does it accept?
MIDI Sync mode is used to synchronise all MIDI equpment such as sequencers and drum machines.It accepts MTC and MIDI Clock.
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Mon May 05, 2003 4:54 pm |
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Aidan
Joined: 08 Jan 2003
Posts: 38
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33.What is the primary difference between MIDI Time code and MIDI clock,and why is MTC more accurate?
MIDI time code covers song information as well as timing while MIDI Clock just covers tempo.MTC is more accurate because it is based on SMPTE code and covers position information.
34.Define the basics of SMPTE?
SMPTE is not directly linked to MIDI in any way but is instead a sophisticated real time code system based on elapsed time rather than on bars and beats.
35.What similiarities are there between SMPTE and MTC?
MTC is basically a MIDI version of SMPTE.
36.How does FSK work?
FSK is frequency shift keying and is generally found on drum machines-it records a series of electronic codes or pulses onto a spare track on a tape machine.
37.Does standard FSK synchronisation give any indication of song position?
NO
38.What improvements does Smart FSK offer over standard FSK?
Its a refinement on FSK which also uses tones but is designed to work with MIDI SPPs-Song Position Pointers.This means tape machine can be started anywhere in song and sequencer will find right place.
39.If using FSK with analogue tape,why must the speed of the tape not change after recording the FSK information.?
Once the tape is striped with the FSK tone you cant change tempo.
40.What is the tempo master and what is the transport master within a MIDI synchronised setup?
41.What problems may arise from extensive use of controller data within a MIDI piece?
Controller data takes up a lot of space and may cause you to overuse the maximum polyphony-causing notes to drop out.
42.Name two different connection protocols for MIDI interfaces?
SCSI,MIDI 5 pin connector.
43.Can tempo changes and time signature changes be made during a song withi a sequencer?
Yes
44.What considerations must be made when using a software sequencer as part of a live show?
Make sure all MIDI equipment such as synths and synth modules are set up correctly to recieve designated data as you want it eg Omni on/Off,channel setup etc.In addition have a backup or have something else to fall back on in event of breakdown. |
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Mon May 05, 2003 5:36 pm |
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ben m
Joined: 15 Sep 2002
Posts: 337
Location: UK |
quote:
Originally posted by Aidan
16.If you change the tempo of the song,what will happen to the(a)the MODI parts? (b) the audio parts?
(a) A MIDI part will. speed up/down aaccording to tempo but will not change pitch
(b) Audio parts will change in pitch
Hi Aidan,
although you're right re: MIDI, the audio will stay at exactly the same length and pitch regardless of tempo changes.
The only exceptions to this may be files in a format such as .rex which will attempt to change the timing but not the pitch of the sample.
Some audio sequencers such as Sonic Foundry's Acid and Ableton Live will change the audio tempo for you when the master BPM is changed, but on the whole, sequencers do not do this.
Good work though Aidan. |
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Fri May 09, 2003 2:00 pm |
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Aidan
Joined: 08 Jan 2003
Posts: 38
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BenM
Thanks-hadnt really thought it through
Regards
Aidan |
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Fri May 09, 2003 2:41 pm |
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